Business Process

What is business process? We have to know about business process before we learn about business process management. Business process can be used in order to understand where from one can adopt best activities, or how to built computer system supporting business process. Organizations of today are becoming more focused on their business process because of the fuction.

Business process is a series of logically related activities or tasks (such as planning, production, or sales) performed together to produce a defined set of results. That activities will accomplish a specific organizational goal. Business process management is a systematic approach to improving those process.

Another definition about business process was defined by Davenport and Short(1990) is :

-         “A set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined business out come.” A process is a structured, measured set of activities designed to produce a specified output for a particular costumer or market.

Business Process is a transformations of inputs and outputs:

            A business process have input and output. A business process must have a process result receiver.

Business process types

Business process have two types that are usually run in many business transaction. There are Long-running processes and Microflows.

Long-running processes

A long-running business process is interruptible, and each step of the process can run in its own physical transaction. Long-running business processes can wait for external stimuli. Examples of external stimuli are events that are sent by another business process in a business-to-business interaction, responses to asynchronous invocations, or the completion of a human task.

A long-running process has the following characteristics:

• Runs as several transactions
• Consists of synchronous and asynchronous services
• Stores each intermediate process state, which makes the process forward-recoverable

Microflows

A microflow runs in one physical thread from start to finish without interruption. Microflows are sometimes referred to as non-interruptible business processes. Microflows can have different transactional capabilities. A microflow can run within a global transaction or as part of an activity session.

A microflow has the following characteristics:

• Runs in one transaction
• Normally runs for a short time
• Does not store runtime values in the database
• Consists of only synchronous services and non-interruptible subprocesses, which means that a microflow cannot contain:
• Human tasks
• Wait activities
• Multiple receive activities
• Should not invoke long-running services
• Should not invoke activities bound to asynchronous protocols

Proses bisnis meliputi aktivitas-aktivitas untuk mencapai tujuan yang diselesaikan baik secara berurut atau paralel, oleh manusia atau sistem, baik di luar atau di dalam organisasi. Lihat gambar berikut :

Gambar tersebut menggambarkan proses bisnis dimana orang-orang atau pihak-pihak saling berinteraksi di dalam sistem untuk menangani permintaan bisnis. Proses bisnis dilakukan dengan peraturan bisnis yang digunakan oleh organisasi. Proses bisnis tersebut menggunakan teknologi dan fasilitas yang ada dan diimplementasikan dalam aplikasi-aplikasi yang ada. Proses bisnis tersebut dapat berupa proses bisnis yang manajerial (proses rekrutmen), proses bisnis yang operasional, proses bisnis antar organisasi, maupun proses bisnis yang terjasi di sebuah gudang data.

Cara Pemodelan Proses Bisnis :

1. Menentukan tujuan, ruang lingkup, dan batasan
2. Pemahaman & memetakan proses yang berjalan 
3. Mengukur kinerja proses
4. Menentukan akar masalah (root cause)
5. Mengidentifikasi perbaikan proses
6. Implementasi perbaikan proses bisnis

Dari penjelasan di atas, proses bisnis melibatkan banyak kegiatan yang terjadi di dalam maupun di luar organisasi. Proses bisnis memiliki banyak fungsi yang dapat mewujudkan tujuan dari organisasi-organisasi. Oleh karena itu, kita patut mempelajarinya dengan baik.

 

 

 

 

Reference :

• • Margaret Rouse.2005.“Business Process”. http://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/business-process download date: 14 September 2012. 
  • http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/business-process 
  • http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/dmndhelp/v6rxmx/index.jsp?topic=/com.ibm.wsps.ins.doc/doc/bpc/cprocess.html 
  • Alivia Yulfitri.2007. http://pipiew.wordpress.com/2007/11/29/proses-bisnis/download date: 15 September 2012.